Kupapashwe · Xhosa

Ukubhaliswa kwenkampani yaseTshayina: amaxwebhu, amanyathelo kunye nexesha

Isikhokelo esisebenzayo sabasunguli bangaphandle abafuna ukuseka inkampani eTshayina: amaxwebhu afunekayo, amanyathelo okubhalisa, kunye nexesha eliqhelekileyo. Ulwazi jikelele kuphela, hayi ingcebiso yezomthetho okanye yerhafu.

Ukuqala ishishini eTshayina kunokubonakala kuyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa xa ulandela amanyathelo afanelekileyo kwaye ulungise amaxwebhu akho kwangethuba, inkqubo iya kuba ngcono kakhulu. Eli nqaku linika ulwazi jikelele malunga nokubhaliswa kwenkampani eTshayina kubasunguli bangaphandle. Nceda uqaphele: olu lwazi jikelele kuphela, hayi ingcebiso yezomthetho okanye yerhafu. Phambi kokuthatha izigqibo, thetha nomcebisi wezomthetho okanye uchwepheshe kwi-Ejensi yoPhando lwezoRhwebo noShishino yaseTshayina.

Ukuqonda inkampani yaseTshayina

Abasunguli bangaphandle badla ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezimbini eziphambili: inkampani enomthwalo wemfanelo ongunyaniso (Limited Liability Company, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba "WFOE" xa umnini angowangaphandle) okanye intsebenziswano ehlanganisiweyo (Joint Venture). Uninzi lwabasunguli bakhetha i-WFOE kuba ivumela ulawulo olupheleleyo. Kukho imimiselo yamashishini athile anokuthi avunyelwe kuphela ngemvume ekhethekileyo okanye angavunyelwi ngokupheleleyo kubatyali-mali bangaphandle; oku kufuneka kuqinisekiswe kwangethuba kusetyenziswa uluhlu lwamashishini afunekayo e-China.

Kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo yokubhalisa. Izixeko ezahlukeneyo zinokuba nemigaqo eyahlukeneyo, imirhumo, kunye nenkxaso. Izixeko ezinjenge-Shanghai, Shenzhen, Beijing, kunye ne-Guangzhou ziqhelekile, kodwa izixeko ezincinci zisenokuba nezibonelelo okanye iindleko eziphantsi. Ukukhetha indawo kufuneka kuhambisane nentsebenzo yakho yorhwebo, abathengi, kunye nabasebenzi.

Amaxwebhu afunekayo

Amaxwebhu afunekayo anokwahluka ngokommandla, kodwa uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya:

• Igama lenkampani: Amagama amathathu ukuya kwamahlanu okuxoxwa kwangaphambili, kuba igama kufuneka lihlolwe kwaye livunywe. Kufuneka libe nokuphela okufana no-"Technology" okanye "Consulting" ngokomsebenzi.
• Isicwangciso soshishino: Isicwangciso esicacileyo esichaza imisebenzi, abathengi ekujoliswe kubo, kunye nobungakanani botyalo-mali.
• Amaxwebhu obunikazi: Ipasipoti yomnini wangaphandle okanye abanini, kunye nobungqina bokuhlala okanye idilesi yasekhaya. Kwinkampani, kufuneka kubekho amaxwebhu omthetho afana nesatifikethi sokubhaliswa kwenkampani yasekhaya.
• Idilesi yokubhalisa: Idilesi yokwenyani yaseTshayina, enokuthi ibe yiofisi okanye indawo yokubhalisa ebonelelwe yinkampani yokubhalisa. Kufuneka kubekho isivumelwano sokuqeshisa okanye ubungqina bobunini.
• Isigqibo somnini: Isigqibo esisemthethweni sokumisela inkampani, esayinwe ngumnini okanye abanini.
• Iinkcukacha zomlawuli: Amagama, iipasipoti, kunye needilesi zomlawuli (director), umphathi (supervisor), kunye nomphathi omkhulu (legal representative).
• Imali yotyalo-mali: Ubungakanani bemali yotyalo-mali efunekayo ngokomsebenzi, kunye nobungqina bokuba iyafumaneka.
• Amaxwebhu eenkcazo: Kwezinye iimeko, iingcaciso zemvelaphi yemali kunye nokuhlolwa kwemvelaphi yotyalo-mali.

Zonke iincwadi ezingaphandle kufuneka ziguqulelwe ngesiTshayina kwaye ziqinisekiswe ngummeli okanye iarhente yokuguqulela evunyiweyo. Amaxwebhu athile anokufuna ukuba abe ne-apostille okanye aqinisekiswe ngummeli waseTshayina kwilizwe lasekhaya.

Amanyathelo okubhalisa

1. Ukuhlola igama lenkampani

Qala ngokungenisa amagama amathathu ukuya kwamahlanu kwiSistim yoBhaliso lweMarike (SAMR) okanye kwiqonga layo lasekhaya. Oku kunokuthatha iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini. Ukuhlola igama yinto ebalulekileyo kuba igama elikhethiweyo linokungavunyelwa ngenxa yokufana okanye imigaqo yolwimi.

2. Ukulungisa amaxwebhu kunye nokungenisa isicelo

Emva kokuvunywa kwegama, lungisa wonke amaxwebhu afunekayo kwaye uwangenise kwi-ofisi ye-SAMR yengingqi. Kwakhona, kwiinkampani ezinotyalo-mali lwangaphandle, kufuneka kufakwe isicelo kwiKomishoni yoPhuhliso noHlumo lwezoQoqosho (NDRC) kunye noMphathiswa wezoRhwebo (MOFCOM) okanye i-ofisi yayo yengingqi. Le nkqubo inokuthatha iiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-6, kuxhomekeke kummandla kunye nobume besicelo.

3. Ukufumana ilayisensi yokubhalisa

Xa isicelo samkelwe, uya kufumana isatifikethi sokubhalisa inkampani (Business License). Eli xwebhu libalulekile kuba livumela inkampani ukuba iqale ukusebenza ngokusemthethweni. Kwakhona, kufuneka kwenziwe itempile yokubhalisa kunye ne-account yebhanki yenkampani.

4. Ukubhalisa kwiCandelo leRhafu

Emva kokufumana ilayisensi, bhalisa inkampani kwicandelo lerhafu lendawo. Oku kubandakanya ukufumana inombolo yerhafu, ukubhalisa iintlobo zerhafu ezifanelekileyo, kunye nokufunda ngeemfuno zokugcina iirekhodi zerhafu. Unokufuna uncedo lwe-akhawunti yerhafu.

5. Ukubhalisa kwiBhanki kunye neNkqubo yoKhuseleko lwezeNtlalo

Vula i-account yebhanki yenkampani kwaye ubhalise abasebenzi kwinkqubo yokhuseleko lwezentlalo (social insurance) kunye nengxowa-mali yendlu (housing fund) ukuba uya kuqesha abasebenzi baseTshayina. Oku kubalulekile ekuthobeleni imithetho yezabasebenzi.

6. Ukufumana iimvume ezikhethekileyo

Ukuba umsebenzi wakho ufuna imvume ekhethekileyo (umzekelo, ukutya, ezempilo, imfundo, okanye izinto zokuhamba), kufuneka ufumane imvume efanelekileyo phambi kokuba uqale ukusebenza. Oku kunokuthatha ixesha elongezelelweyo.

Ixesha eliqhelekileyo

Akukho xesha liqinisekisiweyo, kodwa ngokubanzi, inkqubo iphela inokuthatha iiveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-12, kuxhomekeke kwimiba elandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegama: iintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-10.
• Ukwamkelwa kwesicelo se-NDRC/MOFCOM: iiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-6.
• Ukukhutshwa kwelayisensi yokubhalisa: iintsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-15 emva kokuvunywa.
• Ukubhalisa kwerhafu kunye nebhanki: iintsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-10.

Ukulungiswa kwangaphambili kwamaxwebhu, ukusebenzisa iarhente yokubhalisa enolwazi, kunye nokuqonda imigaqo yendawo kunokunciphisa ixesha kunye nokuphepha ukuphindaphinda. Nangona kunjalo, ukulibaziseka kunokwenzeka ngenxa yeemfuno ezongezelelweyo okanye ukuhlolwa okunzulu.

Iingcebiso ezisebenzayo

• Qinisekisa ukuba igama lenkampani alinakwaphulwa amalungelo opatent okanye uphawu lwentengiso.
• Sebenzisa umcebisi wezomthetho waseTshayina okanye iarhente yokubhalisa ukukunceda ngamaxwebhu kunye nokuthetha nabasemagunyeni.
• Gcina ikopi yazo zonke iincwadi eziguqulelweyo neziqinisekisiweyo.
• Qonda imigaqo yerhafu kunye neyabasebenzi phambi kokuba uqale ukusebenza, kuba izohlwayo zinokubakho.
• Hlola imigaqo yendawo ngokukodwa, kuba izixeko zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphatha.

Kwakhona, eli nqaku linika ulwazi jikelele kuphela kwaye alithathi ndawo yengcebiso yezomthetho okanye yerhafu. Imigaqo inokutshintsha, kwaye iinkcukacha zomsebenzi wakho zibalulekile. Nceda ufune ingcebiso evela kwingcali eqeqeshiweyo phambi kokwenza isigqibo.