Ukubhalisa nokuSebenza iNkampani eTshayina

01 · ChinaMNC

Kutheni iTshayina?

ITshayina ngumakethi omkhulu, kwaye inkampani yaseTshayina isenokuba sisiseko sokuthengisa, sokuthenga, nokwenza imveliso. Ukuba inkampani yakho ijolise kubathengi baseTshayina, ukuba nequmrhu lasemthethweni laseTshayina kunokwenza ukuthengiselana kube lula, kube lula ukusebenza neebhanki zasekuhlaleni, kwaye kube lula ukuqasha abasebenzi basekuhlaleni.

Kodwa iTshayina ayiyondawo yonke into ilula kuyo. Imithetho yotshintsho lwemali, imirhumo yerhafu, ukulawulwa kwemveliso, nokhuseleko lwedatha kufuna ukuqonda. Ukukhetha uhlobo lomsebenzi olululo kubalulekile: iWFOE ifanelekile ukuba ufuna ulawulo olupheleleyo; iJV ifanelekile ukuba ufuna iqabane lasekuhlaleni; kwaye iRO iluncedo kuphela njengeofisi yonxibelelwano, hayi ukwenza inzuzo.

Abasunguli abaninzi bayaphazamiseka xa becinga ukuba ukubhalisa kukuphela komsebenzi. Enyanisweni, ukubhalisa luqalo. Ukuqonda imakethi, abathengi, abathengisi nabasebenzi baseTshayina kubaluleke ngakumbi kunoxwebhu. Qala ngocwangciso lweshishini olucacileyo, uze ulungelelanise nohlobo lomsebenzi, indawo, kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwexesha elide.

02 · ChinaMNC

WFOE, JV okanye RO: Ukhetha ntoni?

Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziqhelekileyo zokubhalisa. I-WFOE (Wholly Foreign-Owned Enterprise) yinkampani ephethwe ngumtyali-mali wamazwe ngamazwe ngokupheleleyo. Ivumela ulawulo olucacileyo nenzuzo, kodwa ifuna imali yokuqala, indawo yobhaliso, kunye nokuthobela imithetho yecandelo. I-JV (Joint Venture) yenziwa kunye neqabane laseTshayina; inokunceda ekufikeleleni kwimakethi nasekuhambiseni imvume, kodwa ifuna isivumelwano esicacileyo sokulawula, ingeniso, nokuphela kobudlelwane.

I-RO (Representative Office) yiofisi yonxibelelwano. Ayinakwenza inzuzo, ayinakuthengisa ngqo, kwaye ayinakuba ngumqeshi opheleleyo wabasebenzi abaninzi. Iluncedo kubaqalayo abafuna ukujonga imakethi, kodwa ayiyombonelelo yokwenza ishishini ngokupheleleyo.

Ukukhetha akufanelanga kube ngokuthanda kuphela. Qwalasela: ngaba ufuna ukuthengisa ngqo? Ngaba ufuna iqabane lasekuhlaleni? Ngaba ufuna ukuqasha? Yeyiphi imvume yecandelo efunekayo? Zonke ezi zinto ziyakuxelela ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo. Rhana nomcebisi waseTshayina ngaphambi kokuba utyikitye nantoni na.

03 · ChinaMNC

Inkqubo yamanyathelo amahlanu

Nangona iinkcukacha ziyahluka ngokwengingqi, inkqubo ihlala ilandela umgaqo ofanayo.

• 1. Ukucwangcisa nokukhetha uhlobo lomsebenzi: qala ngocwangciso lweshishini, khetha iWFOE, JV okanye RO, kwaye qinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi wakho uvumelekile kwicandelo elithile.
• 2. Ugcino lwegama nokubhalisa: gcina igama lenkampani ngokusebenzisa igunya likarhulumente elichanekileyo, emva koko gcwalisa uxwebhu lokubhalisa kunye neSebe loRhwebo noShishino lasekuhlaleni (SAMR).
• 3. Ukufumana imvume nemvume yecandelo: ezinye iinkampani zifuna imvume eyongezelelweyo, umzekelo kwezempilo, imfundo, ukutya okanye ezothutho. Qinisekisa imfuno yecandelo lakho ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke.
• 4. Ukwenza isitampu kunye nokuvula i-akhawunti yebhanki: emva kobhaliso, inkampani ifumana isitampu sayo, ikhowudi yentlawulo yerhafu, kwaye ivula i-akhawunti yebhanki yeshishini.
• 5. Ukubhalisa irhafu nokuqalisa ukusebenza: bhalisa kwi-ofisi yerhafu, misela inkqubo yokubalwa kwemali, kwaye uqale ukusebenza ngokuthobela imithetho yabasebenzi nokhuseleko lwedatha.

Eli nyathelo ngalinye linemfuno yalo yamaxwebhu. Musa ukuthembela kuphela kwiikhalenda ezipapashiweyo; iinkcukacha ziyahluka ngokwengingi nangokomsebenzi.

04 · ChinaMNC

Amaxwebhu afunekayo

Amaxwebhu ayahluka ngokwengingqi nangohlobo lomsebenzi, kodwa uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya:

• Isicelo sokubhalisa inkampani kunye namaxwebhu okuseka.
• Amaxwebhu omthetho wenkampani yamazwe ngamazwe, njengecertificate yokubhaliswa, iimemorandamu nemigaqo, kunye nesigqibo sebhodi.
• Ubungqina bobunikazi bomtyali-mali, njengepasipoti okanye iincwadi zebhanki.
• Uxwebhu lwendawo yobhaliso, njengesivumelwano sokuqesha okanye isatifikethi sendawo.
• Uxwebhu lomqeshi okanye umlawuli wenkampani, kunye nokungena kwakhe.
• Uxwebhu lokugcina igama, ukuba luyafuneka.
• Uxwebhu lwemvume yecandelo, ukuba luyafuneka.

Amaxwebhu amaninzi kufuneka atyikitywe, aphawulwe, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha anikezelwe ngolwimi lwesiTshayina. Ukuguqula nokungqina amaxwebhu kungathatha ixesha. Lungiselela ukuba amaxwebhu akho abe semthethweni kwaye afundeke ngokucacileyo ngaphambi kokuba uqale. Ukungafani kwamagama, iidilesi, okanye iinkcukacha zebhanki ngamanye amaxesha kubangela ukulibaziseka okungadingekiyo.

05 · ChinaMNC

Idilesi yobhaliso kunye nomda womsebenzi

Inkampani yaseTshayina ifuna idilesi yobhaliso eyamkelekileyo. Le ayifanelanga kube yidilesi yeposi kuphela; kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno zasekuhlaleni zokusebenza nokuhlola. Ezinye iindawo zivumela i-ofisi eqhelekileyo okanye indawo yokubhalisa ehlanganisiweyo, kodwa imigaqo iyahluka. Qinisekisa ukuba indawo yakho iyavumeleka kumsebenzi wakho.

Umda womsebenzi (business scope) uchaza imisebenzi inkampani evumelekileyo ukuyenza. Kufuneka ibhalwe ngokucacileyo kwaye ihambelane nomsebenzi wakho wangempela. Ukuba umda womsebenzi awukho ngokwaneleyo, inokuthintela ukuthengisa, ukuthumela imveliso, okanye ukufumana imvume. Ukongeza imisebenzi emitsha kamva kunokwenzeka, kodwa kufuna ukulungiswa kobhaliso.

Musa ukubhala umda womsebenzi ngokubanzi kakhulu nangokungacacanga. Abalawuli basekuhlaleni banokubuza imibuzo, kwaye ibhanki okanye i-ofisi yerhafu inokufuna ingcaciso. Sebenzisana nomcebisi ukuchaza imisebenzi ngendlela echanekileyo neyamkelekileyo.

06 · ChinaMNC

Ibhanki, irhafu kunye ne-visa

Emva kokubhalisa, inkampani kufuneka ivule i-akhawunti yebhanki yeshishini. Iibhanki zaseTshayina zifuna amaxwebhu oqobo, ubungqina bendawo, kunye nokungena komlawuli okanye umqeshi. Ezinye iibhanki zinokucela amaxwebhu ongezelelweyo malunga nomsebenzi wakho. Ukuvula i-akhawunti kunokuthatha ixesha, kwaye akukho siqinisekiso sokuba yonke ibhanki iyakwamkela lonke uhlobo lomsebenzi.

Irhaftu: inkampani kufuneka ibhalise kwi-ofisi yerhafu, ifumane ikhowudi yentlawulo yerhafu, kwaye ilandele imigaqo yokubika nokuhlawula. Uhlobo lwerhafu luxhomekeke kumsebenzi, ingeniso, nendawo. Abacebisi bezemali baseTshayina banokukunceda uqonde iimfuno zakho, kodwa musa ukuthembela kwiingcebiso ezingaqinisekiswanga.

I-visa: abanikazi bamazwe ngamazwe badla ngokufuna i-visa yokusebenza ukuba bayakusebenza eTshayina. I-visa yokutyelela okanye yoshishino ayivumeli ukusebenza ngokusisigxina. Imigaqo ye-visa iyatshintsha, kwaye ukufumana imvume yokusebenza kuhamba kunye nemfuno yomsebenzi. Qinisekisa imigaqo yanamhlanje kwiziko laseTshayina elichanekileyo ngaphambi kokuhamba okanye ukuqala umsebenzi.

07 · ChinaMNC

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo

Abasunguli abaninzi benza iimpazamo ezifanayo xa beqala eTshayina. Ezi zilandelayo zezinye zezona ziqhelekileyo:

• Ukukhetha uhlobo lomsebenzi ngokungacingi: ukukhetha iRO xa ufuna ukuthengisa, okanye iWFOE xa ufuna iqabane lasekuhlaleni, kubangela ukulibaziseka nemali engeyiyo.
• Ukungaqondi umda womsebenzi: umda ongacacanga unokuthintela imvume, ibhanki, okanye ukuthengisa.
• Ukungakhathaleli imvume yecandelo: ezinye iinkampani zifuna imvume eyongezelelweyo phambi kokuba ziqale ukusebenza.
• Ukulibazisa ibhanki nerhafu: ukusebenza ngaphandle kwe-akhawunti yeBhanki okanye ukubhalisa irhafu kungabangela iingxaki zemali nezemithetho.
• Ukuqasha ngaphandle kwemvume: ukuqasha abasebenzi ngaphandle kwemvume yokusebenza okanye ngaphandle kwemigaqo yabasebenzi kungabangela imiphumo emibi.
• Ukungaqondi imithetho yedatha: ukugcina nokudlulisela idatha yabasebenzi okanye yabathengi kufuna ingqalelo.

Ukuthintela ezi mpazamo, qala ngocwangciso olucacileyo, sebenzisana nomcebisi waseTshayina, kwaye gcina amaxwebhu akho ehambelana nemigaqo yasekuhlaleni.