Kupapashwe · Xhosa

Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwenkampani yaseTshayina

Isikhokelo esisebenzayo sabasunguli bangaphandle abafuna ukuseka inkampani eTshayina: ukuthelekisa i-WFOE, i-JV, i-WFOE yorhwebo, kunye neendawo zokumisela, imiba yemali, irhafu, kunye nokuqeshwa — ulwazi jikelele kuphela, hayi ingcebiso yezomthetho okanye yerhafu.

Qaphela: Eli nqaku linika ulwazi jikelele kuphela. Alisiyo ingcebiso yezomthetho, yerhafu, okanye yezemali. Imithetho yaseTshayina iyatshintsha, kwaye imigaqo iyahluka ngokwengingqi. Ngaphambi kokuthatha isigqibo, thetha nomcebisi wezomthetho waseTshayina kunye neqela lakho lezobalo-mali.

Ukuqala ishishini eTshayina ngumsebenzi onomdla kodwa onzima. Enye yezigqibo zokuqala ezibalulekileyo kukukhetha uhlobo lwentity yezomthetho (entity) oza kuyisebenzisa. Ukukhetha okulungileyo kuxhomekeke kwinto oyenzayo, indlela oza kuqalisa ngayo, ukuba ufuna abatshalizimali basekhaya na, kunye nendlela ocwangcisa ukuphatha imali nokuqesha abasebenzi. Eli nqaku lichaza iindlela eziqhelekileyo, iinzuzo nezingozi zazo, kunye nemiba emalunga nayo xa usenza isigqibo.

Isishwankathelo seentlobo eziqhelekileyo zeentlobo zentlawulo yaseTshayina

Kwabaninzi abasunguli bangaphandle, zintathu iintlobo ezibalulekileyo: i-WFOE (inkampani ephethwe ngumtshalizimali wangaphandle ngokupheleleyo), i-JV (inkampani edibeneyo nabalingane basekhaya), kunye ne-WFOE yorhwebo (i-WFOE esekwe kwindawo ekhululekileyo yorhwebo). Kukho nezinye iindlela, kodwa ezi zezona ziqhelekileyo kwabo baqala ukusebenza eTshayina.

1. I-WFOE: Inkampani ephethwe ngumtshalizimali wangaphandle ngokupheleleyo

I-WFOE yinkampani esekwe eTshayina, kodwa ephethwe ngokupheleleyo ngumntu okanye inkampani yangaphandle. Ayifuni mlingane wasekhaya. Ngenxa yoko, inika ulawulo olucacileyo nolulula, kwaye iyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo kubasunguli abangaphandle abafuna ukulawula ishishini labo ngokupheleleyo.

• Iinzuzo: Ulawulo olupheleleyo; akukho kukhuphisana ngeqabunga nabalingane basekhaya; inkqubo ecacileyo yokwenza izigqibo; ukukwazi ukuhlawula ingeniso ngemali yasekhaya ngokwemigaqo yezimali.
• Iingozi: Uxanduva lwemali olupheleleyo; kufuneka ube nemali eyaneleyo yokuqala; ukuhamba ngeenkqubo zikarhulumente ngamaxesha athile kunokuthatha ixesha; kufuneka uqonde imigaqo yezemali nokuthumela imali ngaphandle.
• Kufanelekile xa: Unomsebenzi ocacileyo, unolawulo olupheleleyo, kwaye awudingi mlingane wasekhaya ukuze ufumane iimvume okanye ukufikelela kwimarike.

2. I-JV: Inkampani edibeneyo

Kwi-JV, umtshalizimali wangaphandle kunye nomlingane wasekhaya baseka inkampani kunye. Oku kunokuba luncedo xa umlingane wasekhaya enolwazi lwemarike, ubudlelwane, okanye ukufikelela kwimimandla ethile. Kodwa i-JV izisa imiba yokulawula, ukwabelana ngeniso, kunye nokungavisisani.

• Iinzuzo: Ukufikelela kulwazi lwasekhaya nabadlali bemarike; ukwabelana ngeendleko nokugcinwa kwemali; ukufikelela kwimimandla ethile okanye kwiimvume ezinokuthi zibe nzima ngaphandle komlingane wasekhaya.
• Iingozi: Ukwabelana ngolawulo ngeniso; ukungavisisani ngesicwangciso; ukuthembela kumlingane; iingxaki zokuhamba xa kukho ukungavisisani; imigaqo yokudibanisa kunye nokuchitha i-JV.
• Kufanelekile xa: Umsebenzi ufuna ubudlelwane baselkhaya, iimvume ezikhethekileyo, okanye ulwazi lwemarike olunzulu, kwaye ufuna umlingane othembekileyo.

3. I-WFOE yorhwebo kwindawo ekhululekileyo yorhwebo

Ezi nkampani zisekwe kwiindawo ezikhethekileyo zorhwebo (free trade zones) kwaye zijolise ikakhulu kurhwebo lwangaphandle, ukuthumela ngaphandle, kunye nokuhlawula imali. Zinokuba nemigaqo elula kurhwebo lwangaphandle, kodwa azifanelekanga ukuthengisa ngaphakathi eTshayina ngokuthe ngqo.

• Iinzuzo: Iinkqubo ezilula zokubhalisa nokuhlawula imali; iinzuzo zerhafu kwirhwebo lwangaphandle; ukuhamba ngokulula kwemali yangaphandle.
• Iingozi: Umda wokuthengisa ngaphakathi eTshayina; ukuxhomekeka kwimigaqo yendawo; ukungafaneleki kwimisebenzi emininzi yasekhaya.
• Kufanelekile xa: Urhwebo lwakho lungaphandle, uthumela ngaphandle, kwaye awudingi ukuthengisa ngokuthe ngqo kubathengi baseTshayina.

Imiba ebalulekileyo xa ukhetha

Umsebenzi wakho

Qala ngokucacisa into oza kuyenza. Ukuthengisa iimpahla eTshayina, ukuthenga iimpahla eTshayina, ukunika iinkonzo, okanye ukuphatha iprojekthi — yonke into inemithetho eyahlukileyo. Ezinye imisebenzi zifuna iimvume ezikhethekileyo okanye izimvo ezivela kumacandelo athile karhulumente.

Ulawulo nokwabelana ngeniso

Ukuba ufuna ulawulo olupheleleyo nokugcina iniso, i-WFOE yindlela eqhelekileyo. Ukuba ufuna ukwabelana ngeengozi nokufumana ulwazi lwasekhaya, i-JV inokuba luncedo — kodwa qinisekisa ukuba uyavumelana ngokucacileyo malunga nokulawula, izigqibo, kunye nendlela yokuphuma.

Imali yokuqala nokuxhasa ngemali

Iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentlawulo zineemfuno ezahlukileyo zemali yokuqala. I-WFOE idla ngokufuna imali yokuqala eyaneleyo, kwaye imigaqo yezemali iyahluka ngokwengingqi. Hlola imigaqo yendawo yakho ngononophelo, kwaye wazi ukuba imali yokuqala ayikho yonke into — kukho neendleko zokusebenza, ukuqesha, kunye nokugcina imali.

Irhafu kunye nokuhlawula imali

Iintlobo ezahlukileyo zineziphumo ezahlukileyo zerhafu. Umzekelo, irhafu yengeniso yeshishini, irhafu yexabiso elongeziweyo (VAT), kunye nemigaqo yokuthumela imali ngaphandle ziyahluka. Musani ukuthatha isigqibo ngerhafu kuphela — jonga umfanekiso uphela, kuquka indlela yokuhlawula imali, ukuhlawula abasebenzi, kunye nokubuyisa ingeniso.

Indawo yokumisela

Indawo ibalulekile. Izixeko ezinkulu ezinjengeBeijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, kunye neShenzhen zineemarike ezinkulu, kodwa zineendleko eziphezulu. Izixeko ezincinci okanye iindawo ezikhethekileyo zinokuba neenzuzo zerhafu okanye iinkqubo ezilula, kodwa zisenokuba nemarike encinci okanye abasebenzi abangafumanekiyo. Khetha indawo ngokusekwe kubathengi bakho, abasebenzi, kunye nokufikelela kwemigaqo.

Ukuqesha abasebenzi

Ukuqesha abasebenzi baseTshayina kufuna ukuqonda imithetho yezemisebenzi, iinkontileka, iinshorensi zentlalo, kunye nemigaqo yokuhlawula. Iinkampani ezinkulu zidla ngokuba noxanduva oluthe kratya, kwaye imigaqo iyatshintsha. Sebenza nomntu oqondayo imithetho yezemisebenzi yaseTshayina.

Ukuphuma nokutshintsha

Cinga ngexesha elizayo. Ukuba ufuna ukuthengisa ishishini lakho, ukudibanisa, okanye ukutshintsha uhlobo lwentlawulo, imigaqo inokuba nzima. Khetha uhlobo olunokuthi luhambelane necebo lakho lexesha elide, hayi nje iimfuno zangoku.

Iingcebiso zokugqibela

Akukho “ndlela ilungileyo” kumntu wonke. I-WFOE ilungile kubalawuli abafuna ulawulo olupheleleyo; i-JV ilungile xa ulwazi lwasekhaya nokufikelela kubalulekile; i-WFOE yorhwebo ilungile kurhwebo lwangaphandle. Hlola imigaqo yendawo, thetha nomcebisi wezomthetho waseTshayina, kwaye qinisekisa ukuba uqonda iindleko, irhafu, nemigaqo yezemisebenzi ngaphambi kokubhalisa.

Ekugqibeleni, ukukhetha uhlobo lwentlawulo kukhetho lwezoshishino, hayi nje ukuthobela imigaqo. Thatha ixesha, buza imibuzo, kwaye wakhe isiseko esilungileyo sokukhula.